• Although the control group and tinnitus group do not signifi

  2019-07-11

  

  Although the control group and tinnitus group do not significantly differ based on age, gender or hearing loss, a limitation of this study is that the control group is only group-matched, and not individually matched. Furthermore, we only tested hearing acuity in tinnitus patients via standard pure

• Cx platin could improve the level of cellular uptake and

  2019-07-11

  

  Cx-platin could improve the level of cellular uptake and DNA platination, hence triggering distinct DNA damage repair pathways. The data (Fig. 3B, C and D) demonstrated that Cx-platin could increase the foci number of γH2AX in cancer cells, preventing the efficient DSBs repair. This gives a good exp

• DCA Additionally both in vitro and in vivo

  2019-07-11

  

  Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that a Ca2+ influx is closely related to apoptosis (Rizzuto et al., 2003). Calmodulin (CaM) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells, which senses intracellular calcium levels by bindi

• Another interesting finding regarding substrate selectivity

  2019-07-11

  

  Another interesting finding regarding substrate selectivity of iPLA2-VIA in whole cellular systems stems from the observation that some of the major species hydrolyzed by the enzyme contain a 16:1 fatty ID-8 at the sn-2 position [57,119], raising the possibility that iPLA2-VIA may constitute a majo

• br Competing interests br Acknowledgments This work was

  2019-07-11

  

  Competing interests Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from Fujian Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2016J01612). Introduction Cancer is still one of the most serious diseases in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second mo

• br Results br Discussion Oxysterols and EBI have received gr

  2019-07-10

  

  Results Discussion Oxysterols and EBI2 have received growing attention in the field of immunology, with works highlighting an important role for EBI2 in immune cell migration. However, these studies are mainly limited to animal models (Chalmin et al., 2015, Hannedouche et al., 2011, Kelly et a

• br Experimental Procedure br Acknowledgment

  2019-07-10

  

  Experimental Procedure Acknowledgment This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Singapore (MoE Tier-2) grant (R-154-000-625-112) and R154-000-A72-114 (AcRF Tier 1 grant) respectively. We acknowledge the Advanced Photon Source Beamline 24-ID-C, Argonne National Laboratory, USA. D.N. is

• br DGKs bind and regulate other signalling proteins

  2019-07-10

  

  DGKs bind and regulate other signalling proteins Based on the evidence noted above, DGKs achieve specificity of function through a combination of post-translational modifications, the availability of cofactors, and through the availability and access to substrate DAG. DGKs appear to achieve an ad

• Saururus chinensis Lour Baill Saururaceae a perennial herb

  2019-07-10

  

  Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. (Saururaceae), a perennial herb, is widely cultivated in China and southern Korea. It has been traditionally used as folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, jaundice and gonorrhea [8]. Previous chemical studies of S. chinensis have revealed the presence of

• Castanospermine what It was demonstrated that the addition o

  2019-07-10

  

  It was demonstrated that the addition of 10-fold excess of α-synuclein without modifications (with respect to the molar concentration of tetrameric GAPDH) leads to partial inactivation of GAPDH after 1-h incubation by 20% (Fig. 4, curve 2) in Castanospermine what to insignificant decrease of the sp

• Colony stimulating factor receptor CSF R or

  2019-07-10

  

  Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R or cFMS) is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase. It is activated by binding with CSF-1 and IL-34, which stimulates differentiation, proliferation, survival and migration of monocyte-macrophage lineage cells., , , Also, macrophages produce inflammatory med

• br Acknowledgments The authors thank Elisabete Lepera

  2019-07-10

  

  Acknowledgments The authors thank Elisabete Lepera and Rosana Silva for technical support. The study was supported by FAPESP, CNPq and PADC/FCF-UNESP. T.T. Miguel was the recipient of a FAPESP (Proc. 05/05171-1) and R.L. Nunes-de-Souza of a CNPq (Proc. 303580/2009-7) fellowship. Introduction

• Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of

  2019-07-10

  

  Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system, a major coordinator of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressors. For instance, early (8–48 h) morphine withdrawal is associated with increased CRF mRNA expression in the central nucleus of the a

• br Conclusion br Introduction Interleukin IL is a member of

  2019-07-10

  

  Conclusion Introduction Interleukin (IL)-18 [1] is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family activating corner stones of inflammatory signaling, among others nuclear factor (NF)-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Striking similarities exist between IL-1β and IL-18 including processing by

• Our results show that COX and

  2019-07-10

  

  Our results show that COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition improve cognitive performance and decrease the neuronal insult during HH. However, when a neuroinflammatory response was observed, COX-1 inhibition was more effective than COX-2 inhibition at reducing microglial activation and augmenting pro-inflammat

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